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Scientific American - Objets Actus

Why do our eyelids get so heavy when we are tired?
Vendredi 05 Décembre 2008 - 14:30 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
Mark A. W. Andrews, professor of physiology and director of the Independent Study Pathway at the Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, replies:Generally speaking, heaviness of the muscles around the eyes, including the levator muscles that open the upper eyelids, is similar to fatigue of any muscle of the body. Ocular and brow muscles are especially prone to fatigue because they are active for most of our waking hours. Over the course of the day, they gradually grow leaden with extended use, as our arms and legs do. [More]

Resuscitating the Atomic Airplane: Flying on a Wing and an Isotope
Vendredi 05 Décembre 2008 - 08:45 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
More than 50 years ago, aerospace engineers spent over $1 billion--in 1950s money--designing atomic-powered airplanes in the hope that such superfast jets could remain aloft for 15,000 miles (21,150 kilometers) at a time. They expected one pound (half a kilogram) of nuclear material would eliminate the need for refueling stops. An intriguing concept, but nuclear aircraft were grounded before the end of the Cold War due to, among other things, concerns about passenger and crew exposure to radiation. As airlines grapple with the high cost of petroleum and the growing demand for a cleaner form of fuel, might it be time to take another look at nuclear? [More]

Birth Control Pills Affect Women's Taste in Men
Jeudi 04 Décembre 2008 - 22:00 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
This year 2.25 million Americans will get married--and a million will get divorced. Could birth control be to blame for some of these breakups? Recent research suggests that the contraceptive pill--which prevents women from ovulating by fooling their body into believing it is pregnant--could affect which types of men women desire. Going on or off the pill during a relationship, therefore, may tempt a woman away from her man.It’s all about scent. Hidden in a man’s smell are clues about his major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, which play an important role in immune system surveillance. Studies suggest that females prefer the scent of males whose MHC genes differ from their own, a preference that has probably evolved because it helps offspring survive: couples with different MHC genes are less likely to be related to each other than couples with similar genes are, and their children are born with more varied MHC profiles and thus more robust immune systems. [More]

Revisiting the Psychological Toll of Abortion
Jeudi 04 Décembre 2008 - 22:00 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
About half of all pregnancies in the U.S. are unintended, and 40 percent of these are terminated by abortion. Those ideologically opposed to abortion often argue that the experience is psychologically harmful to women, citing reports of a link between abortion and later mental health problems such as depression. Now, after an exhaustive review of the literature, experts conclude that the best scientific evidence indicates that having a single abortion does not increase a woman’s risk of emotional problems.In 2006 the American Psychological Association (APA) assembled a task force of researchers with wide-ranging expertise to evaluate all peer-reviewed studies published in English since 1989 (when the last such review was conducted) that compared the mental health of women who had an abortion with that of other women. It is clear that after an abortion some women experience sadness and grief and, in some cases, clinically significant disorders such as depression or anxiety. But the task force concluded in August that “among women who have a single, legal, first-trimester abortion of an unplanned pregnancy for nontherapeutic reasons, the relative risks of mental health problems are no greater than the risks among women who deliver an unplanned pregnancy.” The evidence for the risk associated with multiple abortions is more equivocal. [More]

What is truth serum?
Jeudi 04 Décembre 2008 - 15:15 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
The baby-faced gunman of Mumbai, Azam Amir Kasab, now in the custody of Indian police, is the sole surviving attacker in the three-day rampage that began on the night of November 26 and left more than 170 people dead and scores of others injured.After the attacks, Indian officials immediately began pointing fingers at longtime rival, Pakistan, as the source of the 10 militants--a charge that Pakistan President Asif Ali Zardari disputed last night on CNN. During police interrogations, Kasab himself claimed to hail from the Punjab region of Pakistan and to have trained with the Pakistan-based extremist group, Lashkar-e-Taiba. [More]

New Hope for Sickle-Cell Anemia Sufferers
Jeudi 04 Décembre 2008 - 14:00 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
Inherited forms of anemia may soon be treated by turning on a gene normally active only in the womb. Researchers report today in Science that they have discovered the molecular switch for activating the fetal form of hemoglobin--the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen--which could help alleviate the symptoms of genetic blood disorders, including sickle-cell anemia, which affects an estimated 70,000 people (mostly African-Americans) in the U.S. [More]

Who Needs a Doctor When There's a Robot in the House, er, Hospital? [Slide Show]
Jeudi 04 Décembre 2008 - 13:30 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
Telemedicine has caught on over the past several years as an effective way to bring patients and specialists together via the magic of video conferencing. Unfortunately, most telemedicine setups require the patient to be in a room equipped with a computer, camera, microphone and monitor, so that specialists can remotely assess his or her condition. Could robots be the answer, providing both patient care and a view for specialists checking in from afar? [More]

Is There Really an Epidemic of Depression?
Jeudi 04 Décembre 2008 - 05:00 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
Jonah Lehrer, the editor of Mind Matters, asked Allan Horwitz, professor of sociology at Rutgers University, and Jerome Wakefield, professor of social work at New York University, a few questions about their recent book, The Loss of Sadness: How Psychiatry Transformed Normal Sorrow into Depressive Illness. [More]

Using Radar to Monitor Baby Breathing
Mercredi 03 Décembre 2008 - 05:19 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
[The following is an exact transcript of this podcast.][Radio sound:] “Northeast 480 you are cleared for landing, Northeast 480 you are cleared for landing.” [More]

The Science of Pain
Mercredi 03 Décembre 2008 - 04:00 - 1 mois depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
The text transcript is currently not available. Transcripts are posted about a week after the podcast airs.Science Talk is a weekly podcast, subscribe here: RSS | iTunes [More]

Actus fournies par : Scientific American

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